When the working parts of machine tool move, the steel ball circulates in the bracket groove, and the wear of the bracket is distributed to each steel ball, thus prolonging the service life of the linear guide rail. In order to eliminate the gap between the guide rail and the guide rail, preloading can improve the stability of the guide rail system and obtain preloading, that is, installing extra large steel balls between the guide rail and the guide rail. The diameter tolerance of the steel ball is (+20 micron), and the steel ball is screened by 0.5 micron increment, and installed on the guide rail respectively. The preloading load depends on the force acting on the steel ball.

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　　如果作用在鋼球上的力過大，鋼球承受預緊力的時間過長，會增加支架的運動阻力。這里有一個平衡行為的問題;為了提高系統(tǒng)的靈敏度，減小運動阻力，需要相應減小預緊力。為了提高運動精度和精度維護，需要足夠的預加載負數(shù)，這是矛盾的兩個方面。

　　If the force acting on the steel ball is too large, the steel ball will bear the preload for too long, which will increase the movement resistance of the bracket. There is a problem of equilibrium behavior; in order to improve the sensitivity of the system and reduce the motion resistance, it is necessary to reduce the preload accordingly. In order to improve the accuracy and maintenance of motion, sufficient negative preload is needed, which is two contradictory aspects.

　　導軌系統(tǒng)設計時，力求使固定件與運動件之間的接觸面積較大，這不僅可以提高系統(tǒng)的承載能力，而且還可以使系統(tǒng)承受間歇性切削或重力切削沖擊力，使受力范圍廣泛，擴大軸承面積。為了達到這一目的，導軌系統(tǒng)有多種槽形，有代表性的有兩種，一種叫格迪型(尖拱型)，形狀是半圓的延伸，接觸點是頂點;另一種是圓弧，也是這樣。

　　When designing the guideway system, the contact area between the fixed parts and the moving parts is maximized, which can not only improve the bearing capacity of the system, but also make the system bear the impact force of intermittent cutting or gravity cutting, so that the force range is wide and the bearing area is enlarged. In order to achieve this goal, the guideway system has a variety of grooves, there are two representative, one is called Gedi type (pointed arch), the shape is the extension of the semi-circle, the contact point is the vertex; the other is the arc, the same is true.

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　　無論采用何種結構形式，其目的只有一個，即爭取更多的軋制鋼球半徑與導軌接觸(固定元件)。確定系統(tǒng)性能特征的關鍵因素是滾動元件與導軌的接觸方式，這是問題的關鍵。努力使固定件與移動件之間的接觸面積達到較大，這不僅可以提高系統(tǒng)的承載能力，還可以使系統(tǒng)能夠承受間歇切削或重力切削產(chǎn)生的沖擊力，使力得到廣泛的分散，從而擴大了承載面積。為了達到這一目的，導軌系統(tǒng)有多種槽形，有代表性的有兩種，一種叫ge ti(尖拱)，形狀是半圓的延伸，接觸點是頂點;另一個是做同樣事情的圓弧。

　　No matter what kind of structure is adopted, there is only one purpose, that is, to strive for more rolling ball radius to contact with the guide rail (fixed elements). The key factor to determine the system performance characteristics is the contact mode between rolling element and guide rail, which is the key to the problem. Efforts to maximize the contact area between fixtures and moving parts can not only improve the bearing capacity of the system, but also enable the system to withstand the impact force produced by intermittent cutting or gravity cutting, so that the force is widely dispersed, thus expanding the bearing area. In order to achieve this goal, the guideway system has a variety of grooves, there are two representative, one is called Ge Ti (pointed arch), the shape is the extension of the semi-circle, the contact point is the vertex; the other is the arc doing the same thing.